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India has a total of 54,856 public libraries, starting with the English colonial library established in Chennai in 1661. The year 1972 was declared the International Year of the Book with the slogan "Books for All". Even before independence, the Kolhapur Princely State in western India passed the Public Libraries Act in 1945.
Maulana Azad Library is located in Aligarh, established in the year 1875, Maulana Azad Library is different from any other library. It is officially the main library of the prestigious Aligarh Muslim University. It has a central library and more than 80 departmental libraries spread over different floors. These libraries have a good collection of books and cater to the needs of postgraduate students and professionals.
This library is considered the largest in India and the second largest in Asia. The collection of books here not only caters to the needs of the students but also throws light on the history and culture of India. Particularly noteworthy is the library on the seventh floor, which is a magnificent old Muslim-style building surrounded by beautiful lawns and gardens. Apart from being the largest library in the country, Maulana Azad Library is also considered to be one of the most beautiful.
The Rampur Raza Library, an autonomous body under the Ministry of Culture, was established in 1774 by Nawab Faizul Lah Khan and houses the heritage collection of Indian Islamic studies and arts, priceless rare manuscripts, historical documents, Mughal miniatures and books. And there is a treasure trove of other artistic works kept in the Nawab's Toshkhana.
Amir-ud-Daulah Public Library is located in Kaiserbagh city of Lucknow. It was established in the honor of late Amir-ud-daulah in Oudh Indian Association of British. The library has a vast collection of books in languages including English, Hindi, Sanskrit, Bengali, Persian and Arabic. This historic library is housed in a grand building spread over an area of about 3000 square meters based on Indo-Islamic architecture. The library was built by Anjuman-i-Hind Awadh, a body of talukdars, in the memory of Raja Mahmudabad Amir-ud-Daula, at an estimated cost of Rs 62,000, but was later transferred to the government in exchange for certain conditions and funds.
Bharti Bhavan Library is located in Allahabad. It is a Hindi and Urdu public library. It was established jointly by Shri Bal Krishna Bhatt and Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya in the year 1889.
Saraswati Bhavan Library is a repository of Sanskrit manuscripts. On the suggestion and recommendation of Dr. Ganganath Jha, this library has published rare manuscripts collected over time. It serves as a rich source of manuscripts written on old paper, wooden plates, birch, cloth and palm leaves.
Sayaji Rao Gaekwad Library is known as the main library of Banaras Hindu University. It is also called 'Central Library'. It was established in 1917. Its present building was built in 1941 on the lines of the British Museum. Donation was received from Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad for its construction. He is famous for building libraries at various places in the state of Vadodara.
Thornhill Mayne Memorial commemorates the British era in India. It was built to hold the meeting of the Legislative Assembly. Gothic style carvings and designs have also been done in this building made of sandstone. Presently it has been converted into a public library, where apart from students, historians also come to collect information.
